First plasma for new machine to study process that occurs throughout the universe
The first plasma, a milestone event signaling the beginning of research capabilities, was captured on camera on Sunday, March 4, at 8:13 p.m. at Jadwin Hall at Princeton University, and marked completion of the four-year construction of the device, the Facility for Laboratory Reconnection Experiment (FLARE).
A millisecond burst of light on a computer monitor signaled production of the first plasma in a powerful new device for advancing research into magnetic reconnection — a critical but little understood process that occurs throughout the universe.
The first plasma, a milestone event signaling the beginning of research capabilities, was captured on camera on Sunday, March 4, at 8:13 p.m. at Jadwin Hall at Princeton University, and marked completion of the four-year construction of the device, the Facility for Laboratory Reconnection Experiment (FLARE).
Magnetic reconnection, the breaking apart and explosive recombination of the magnetic field lines in hot plasma — the fourth state of matter composed of free electrons and atomic nuclei that makes up 99 percent of the visible universe — has impact throughout the cosmos. Reconnection gives rise to Northern Lights, solar eruptions and geomagnetic storms that can disrupt electrical networks and signal transmissions such as cellphone service. In laboratories where scientists are trying to create a “star on earth,” the process can degrade and even disrupt fusion experiments.
Some members of the FLARE team. Front row from left: Guy Rossi, Kris Gilton, Lauren Callahan, Bill Dix. Second row from left: Tom Kozub, Ted Lewis, Jongsoo Yoo, Bob Cutler, Jonathan Jara-Almonte, Jim Kukon, Darryl Johnson, Hantao Ji. Third row from left: Mike Kalish, Julio Lopez, Matt Komor, Frank Hoffman, Aaron Goodman, Peter Sloboda, Geoff Gettlefinger.
FLARE represents a more powerful version of the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX) at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). The new facility is twice the diameter of the sport utility vehicle-sized MRX and features significantly increased research capabilities. For example, measurements of the Lundquist number, a parameter critical to the study of the puzzlingly rapid rate of reconnection, will be an order of magnitude greater in FLARE than in MRX.
Such capabilities “will enable a more faithful representation of the reconnection that occurs in nature throughout the universe,” said Hantao Ji, a Princeton professor of astrophysical sciences and also a PPPL physicist, who is principal investigator for the construction project and is proposing the subsequent FLARE research. “We will have more access to the large-scale working of the process through laboratory experiments.”
Constructing FLARE, designed as a user facility for multiple institutions, was a team of physicists, engineers, designers, technicians and supporting staff for PPPL and Princeton, where the device was assembled. Support for construction of the project, whose future is being developed, came from the National Science Foundation with contributions from Princeton, the University of Maryland and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, with collaborators from Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of California campuses at Berkeley and Los Angeles, and the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
PPPL, on Princeton University's Forrestal Campus in Plainsboro, N.J., is devoted to creating new knowledge about the physics of plasmas — ultra-hot, charged gases — and to developing practical solutions for the creation of fusion energy. The laboratory is managed by the University for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, which is the largest single supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time.
