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| Diffusion is an important industrial process that depends upon material transport at the atomic level. The motion of point defects in chemical potential gradients control this process. The microelectronics industry could not exist without the ability to control the local concentration of electronically active defects in the semiconductor. Diffusion methods permit this to take place. In metallurgy, diffusion is used to alter the surface composition of alloys to improve wear and other characteristics. In the fabrication of ceramics and metal components, sintering, diffusion bonding, is a valuable technique. In this section, diffusion mechanisms will be explored and examples given of their technical exploitation. | ||||||||||||||