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Diffusion

In technical materials, other diffusion paths can influence the transport of a material into the sample. The role of Grain Boundaries, Dislocations and Surfaces is illustrated.
The defects change both the Activation Energy and the pre-exponential term in the temperature dependent Diffusion coefficient, D(T).
The area of the different paths must be taken into account when determining their effect on material penetration into the sample.

From: Guy, "Introduction to Materials Science," McGraw Hill (19972)