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Human Power and Propulsion

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Rolling Resistance

The diagram shows the speed dependence of the power consumed to overcome the rolling resistance of a bicycle. For the tire pressures and tread used in this test, the power lost to rolling resistance is larger than that lost to aerodynamic drag for speeds below 10 mph (16 kph). Above this speed the aerodynamic drag becomes the major source of power loss. The airspeed is NOT the road speed unless the bike is moving in still air. It is the speed of the bike relative to the air that must be used to estimate the aerodynamic drag.

The two curves associated with walking are for different people and show that the power required to walk at a given speed is much larger than that required to cycle at the same speed.

From: Whitt, "Bicycling Science," The MIT Press (1979)