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Human Power and Propulsion

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Tire pressure has an important effect on rolling resistance as shown in the diagram. Curves A, B are for automobile wheels rolling on smooth hard surfaces. The limits, C, show the rolling resistance range that is experienced with 28 x 1.5 inch bicycle tires with change in the road surface conditions. Curve D is for a 27 x 1.25 inch tire on a smooth, hard road and curve F shows the same tire on a medium rough, hard road. Curve E shows the effect of wheel diameter as this is for a 16 x 1.38 inch wheel on a medium rough, hard road. The data points are for a 26 x 1.25 inch tire tested on steel rollers.

From: Whitt, "Bicycling Science," The MIT Press (1979)