The Scientific Image

Relevant Collections

• Churchland, Paul M. et Clifford A. Hooker (eds.) Images of Science, Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1985.
• Berg-Hildebrand, Andreas and Christian Suhm (eds.) Bas C. van Fraassen, The Fortunes of Empiricism, Frankfurt: ontos verlag, 2006.
• Monton, Bradley (ed.) Images of Empiricism: Essays on Science and Stances, with a Reply from Bas van Fraassen, Oxford University Press, 2007.

Related Articles

• Achinstein, P. The Nature of Explanation, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1983.
• Achinstein, P. "The Pragmatic Character of Explanation," in P. Asquith and P. Kitcher, eds. PSA 1984, vol. 2. East Lansing, Mich., Philosophy of Science Association, 1986, pp. 275-292.
• Armstrong, D. 'Reply to van Fraassen's 'Armstrong on Laws and probabilities', Australasian Journal of Philosophy (1988), 224-229.
• Armstrong, D. 'Reply to Menzies' Laws of Nature. Modality and Humean...' in J. Bacon Ed., Ontology, Causality and Mind: Essays in Honour of D. M. Armstrong, New York, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
• Arntzenius, F. 'State-Spaces and meaning relations among predicates', Topoi (1991), 35-42.
• Bacchus, F. 'Against Conditionalization', Synthese (1990), 475-506.
• Bigelow, J. 'Quantumn probability in logical space'. Philosophy of Science 46 (1979), 223-243.
• Bourgeois, W. 'On rejecting Foss's image of van Fraassen'. Philosophy of Science 54 (1987), 303-308.
• Boyd, R. 'Lex orandi est lex credendi' in P.M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker. Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985. 3-34.
• Cartwright, N. 'When explanation leads to inference', Philosophical Topics 13 (1982), 111-122.
• Cartwright, N. 'Van Fraassen's modal model of quantum mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 41 (1974), 199-202.
• Churchland, P.M. 'The anti-realist epistemology of van Fraassen's The Scientific Image', Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 63 (1982), 226-235.
• Churchland, P.M. 'The ontological status of observables: In praise of the superempirical virtues' in P. M. Churchland and C. A. Hooker, 35-47.
• Churchland, P.M. and Hooker, C. A. eds., Images of Science. Essays on Realism and Empiricism, with a reply from Bas C. van Fraassen, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985.
• Christensen, D. 'Clever Bookies and coherent beliefs', Philosophical Review (1991), 229-247.
• Clendinnen, J. 'Realism and the underdetermination of theory'. Synthese 81-1 (1989), 63-90.
• Conee, E. 'Against moral dilemmas', Philosophical Review 90 (1982), 87-97.
• Cordero, A. 'Observation in constructive empiricism: arbitrary or incoherent'?', Critica 21 (1989), 75-102.
• Creath, R. 'Smart, Salmon, and scientific realism', Australasian Journal of Philosophy 62 (1984), 404-409.
• Creath, R. "Taking science seriously", Synthese 62 (1985), 317-346.
• Cross, Ch. 'Explanation and the theory of questions', Erkenntnis (1991), 237-260.
• Da Costa, N. et French, S. 'The model-theoretic approach in the philosophy of science'. Philosophy of Science 57 (1990), 248-265.
• Deibler, T. 'Van Fraassen's (mis)use of Aristotle in theory of explanation', SW Philosophical Review 5 (1989), 55-61.
• Devitt, M. Realism and Truth (1984, Oxford: Blackwell)
• Dieks, D. 'Realism and empiricists in contemporary physics', Methodology and Science 26 (1993), 53-73.
• Dilworth, C. 'Empiricism versus Realism: High points in the debate during the past 150 years', Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science (1990), 431-462.
• Dobson, A. 'Believing what we do not see: The case against van Fraassen's conception of observation', Dialogue (1991), 51-55.
• Douven, I. "Inference to the best explanation made coherent", Philosophy of Science 66 (1999), S424-435.
• Ellis, B. 'What science aims to do' in P.M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University
• Engel, P. 'Identite, essence et tnodalite', Archives de Philosophie 45 (1987), 425-440.
• Fetzer, J. 'Probability and explanation'. Synthese 48 (1981), 371-408.
• Fine, A. 'And not anti-realism either', Nous 18, 51-65.
• Fitting, M. 'Notes on the mathematical aspects of Kripke's theory of truth', Notre-Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 27 (1986), 75-88.
• Foss, J. 'On accepting van Fraassen's image of science', Philosophy of Science 51 (1984), 79-92.
• Foss, J. 'On saving the phenomena and the mice: A reply to Bourgeois concerning van Fraassen's image of science'. Philosophy of Science (1991), 278-287.
• French, S. 'Models, pragmatic virtues, and limited scepticism: The three pillars of constructive empiricism', Manuscrito I I (1988), 27-56.
• Gauthier, Y. 'Science et realisme' in Cauchy et Venant eds., Philosophy and Culture VI, Montreal, Ed. du Beffroi, 1983, 193-194.
• Giere, R. 'Constructive realism' in P. M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science. Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985, 75-98.
• Glymour, C. 'Explanation and realism' in P. M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985, 99-117.
• Grimes, T. 'An appraisal of van Fraassen's constructive empiricism'. Philosophical Studies 45 (1984), 261-268.
• Grobler, A. 'Van Fraassen's metaphysical move', International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 5 (1991), 21-34.
• Gutting, G. 'Scientific realism versus constructive empiricism: A dialogue', Monist 65 (1983), 336-349 ; reprinted inP. M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985, 118-131.
• Hacking, I. Representing and intervening, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 1983.
• Hacking, I. 'Do we see through a microscope?' in P.M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker. Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985, 132-152.
• Hajek, A. "Agnosticism Meets Bayesianism", Analysis, 58 (1998), pp. 199-206.
• Hanna, J. 'Empirical adequacy', Philosophy of Science 50 (1983), 1-34.
• Hanna, J. F. "Contra Ladyman: What Really is Right with Constructive Empiricism", Br J Philos Sci, 55 (2004), pp. 767-777.
• Hausman, D. 'Constructive empiricism contested', Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 63 (1982), 21-28.
• Hilgevoort, J. (ed.) Physics and Our View of the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
• Hitchcock, C. 'Causal explanation and scientific realism'. Erkenntnis 37-2 (1992), 151-178.
• Hooker, C. A. 'Surface dazzle, ghostly depths' in P. M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985, 153-196.
• Huettemann, A. "Position: Bas van Fraassen", Information Philosophie, 3/2000, 68-73.
• Iranzo, V. "Constructive Empiricism and Scientific Practice. A Case Study", Theoria (Spain), 17 (2002), 335-357.
• Jeffrey, R.C. 'Judgmental probability and objective chance', Erkenntnis 24 (1986), 5-16.
• Kitcher, P. and Salmon, W. 'Van Fraassen on explanation'. Journal of Philosophy 84 (1987), 315-330.
• Kockelmans, J. 'On the problem of truth in the sciences', Proceedings of the American Philosophical Association, Suppl. 61 (1987), 5-26.
• Kvanvig, J. L. "A critique of van Fraassen's 'voluntarist epistemology'", Synthese, 98 (1994), 325-348.
• Ladyman, J. "Review. A novel defense of scientific realism. Jarrett Leplin", The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 50 (1999), pp. 181-188.
• Ladyman, J. "What's Really Wrong with Constructive Empiricism? Van Fraassen and the Metaphysics of Modality", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 51 (2000), 837-856.
• Ladyman, J. "Constructive Empiricism and Modal Metaphysics: A Reply to Monton and van Fraassen", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 55 (2004), 755-765.
• Leeds, S. "Constructive Empiricism", Synthese 101 (1994), 187-221.
• Leplin, J. (ed.), Scientific Realism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
• Leplin, J. A Novel Defence of Scientific Realism (1997, Oxford: Oxford University Press); see reviews by Ladyman and Rich in this list.
• Levin, M. 'Realisms'. Synthese (1990), 115-138.
• Lipton, P. 'Contrastive explanation and causal triangulation'. Philosophy of Science (1991), 687-697.
• Lloyd, E. and Anderson, C. "Empiricism, Objectivity and Explanation," pp. 121-131, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Vol. XVIII, Eds. P.A. French, T.E. Ueling, H.K. Wettstein. Notre Dame, IN: 1993.
• Lugg, A. and Duncan, H. 'Critical notice of P.M.Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science', Canadian Journal of Philosophy 18 (1988), 795-804.
• MacIntyre, A. 'Moral dilemmas', Phenomenology and Philosophical Research (1990), 367-382.
• Maher, P. 'Diachronic rationality', Philosophy of Science 59-1 (1992), 121-141.
• Marinov, M. 'Inference to the best explanation: van Fraassen and the case of the 'fifth force', International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 3 (1988), 35-50.
• Maxwell, N. 'Induction and scientific realism: Einstein versus van Fraassen', British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 44-1 (1993), 61-101; 44-2 (1993), 275-305.
• McConnell, T. 'Moral dilemmas and requiring the impossible', Philosophical Studies 29 (1976), 409-413.
• McKinnon, E. 'Scientific realism: The new debates', Philosophy of Science 46 (1974), 501-532.
• McMichael, A. 'Van Fraassen's instrumentalism', British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 36 (1985), 257-272.
• Monton, B. "Bayesian Agnosticism and Constructive Empiricism", Analysis (1998), 207-212.
• Monton, B. and Van Fraassen, B. "Constructive Empiricism and Modal Nominalism", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 54 (2003), 405-422.
• Musgrave, A. 'Realism versus constructive empiricism' in P. M. Churchland et C. A. Hooker, Images of Science, Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1985, 197-221.
• Muller, F. A. "Can a Constructive Empiricist Adopt the Concept of Observability?" Philosophy of Science, 71 (2004), 637-654.
• Muller, F. A. "The Deep Black Sea: Observability and Modality Afloat" British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 54 (2005), 61-99.
• Neumann, M. 'Fictionalism and realism', Canadian Journal of Philosophy 8 (1978), 533-541.
• Okasha, S. "Van Fraassen's critique of Inference to the Best Explanation", Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 31A (2000), 691-710.
• Orenduff, J. M. 'Why the concept of presuppositions is otiose', S W Philosophical Studies 4 (1979), 73-77.
• Psillos, S. Scientific Realism: How Science Tracks Truth (1999, London: Routledge)
• Railton, P. "Explanation and Metaphysical Controversy." pp. 220-252 in Scientific Explanation, ed. P. Kitcher and W. Salmon. Minneapolis 1989. Reprinted in The Philosophers' Annual vol. XII, 1989.
• Rapaport, S. 'The modal view of economic models'. Philosophica 44-2 (1989), 61-80.
• Reddam, J. P. 'Van Fraassen on propositional attitudes', Philosophical Studies 42 (1982), 101-110.
• Rich, M. "Realism's new miracle?" (Review of Leplin 1997), Stud. Hist. Phil. Sci. 30 (1999), 511-521.
• Rosen, G. 'What is constructive empiricism?', Philosophical Studies 71 (1993), 1-36.
• Rosen, G. "What is constructive empiricism?", Philosophical Studies, 74 (1994), 143-178; reply by BvF in same volume.
• Rorty, R. 'An antirepresentationalist view: Comments on Miller, van Fraassen/Sigman and Churchland', in G. Levine ed., Realism and Representation, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1993.
• Russo, F. "Salmon and van Fraassen on the Existence of Unobservable Entities: A Matter of Interpretation of Probability", Foundations of Science, 11 (2006), 221-247.
• Salmon, W. "Empiricism: the key question", pp. 1-21 in Rescher (ed.) The Heritage of Logical Positivism.
• Salmon, W. "Scientific Explanation: Three Basic Conceptions," in P. Asquith and P. Kitcher, eds. PSA 1984, vol. 2. East Lansing, Mich., Philosophy of Science Association, 1985, pp. 293-305.
• Salmon, W. "The Formulation of Why-Questions," in his Causality and Explanation, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 364-8.
• Salmon, W. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1989.
• Savitt, S. "Selective scientific realism, constructive empiricism, and the unification of theories," Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 18 (1993), 154-165.
• Schlager, R. 'Experimental metaphysics: A critique of Bas van Fraassen's constructive empiricism'. Review of Metaphysics 41 (1988-89), 789-814.
• Schupbach, J. N. "Must the Scientific Realist be a Rationalist?", Synthese, 154 (2007), 329-334.
• Seager, Wm. 'Scientific anti-realism and the philosophy of mind', Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 67 (1986), 136-151.
• Seager, Wm. 'Scientific anti-realism and the epistemic community', PSA 1988, vol. 1; pp. 181-187.
• Sider, Th. 'Tooley's solution to the Inference problem', Philosophical Studies 67-3 (1992), 261-275.
• Sober, E. 'Common cause explanation'. Philosophy of Science 51 (1984), 212-241.
• Sober, E. 'Constructive empiricists and the problem of aboutness', British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 36 (1985), 11-18.
• Smart, J.J. C. 'Laws of Nature and cosmic coincidences'. Philosophical Quarterly 35 (1985), 272-280.
• Sobel, J. H. 'Self-doubts and Dutch strategies', Australasian Journal of Philosophy 65 (1987), 56-81.
• Stairs, A. 'Sailing into the Charybdis: Van Fraassen on Bell's theorem', Synthese 61 (1981), 351-360.
• Talbott, W.J. 'Two principles of Bayesian epistemology', Philosophical Studies (1991), 135-150.
• Temple, D. 'The contrast-theory of why-questions', Philosophy of Science 55 (1988), 141-151.
• Thornton, M. 'Sellars' scientific realism: A reply to van Frassen'. Dialogue 20 (1981), 79-83.
• Tomberlin, J. 'Contrary-to-duty imperatives and conditional obligations'. Nous 15 (1981), 357-376.
• Trout, L.D. 'Theory-conjunction and mercenary reliance'. Philosophy of Science 59-2 (1992), 231-245.
• Turney, P. 'Embeddability, syntax and semantics in accounts of scientific theories', Journal of Philosophical Logic (1990), 429-451.
• Van Aken, J. 'Analysis of quantum probability theory'. Journal of Philosophical Logic 14 (1985), 267-296.
• Van Fraassen, B. "Constructive empiricism now", Philosophical Studies, 106 (2001), 151-170.
• Van Fraassen, B. "On McMullin's Appreciation of Realism Concerning the Sciences", Philosophy of Science, 70 (2003), 479-492.
• Van Fraassen, B. C. "Rosen on constructive empiricism", Philosophical Studies, 74 (1994), 179-192.
• Vollmer, S. "Two kinds of observation: Why van Fraassen was right to make a distinction, but made the wrong one", Philosophy of Science, 67 (2000), 355-365.
• Wray, K. B. "A selectionist explanation for the success and failures of science", Erkenntnis, 67 (2007), 81-89.
• Wray, K. B. "Selection and predictive success", Erkenntnis, 72 (2010), 365-377.

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