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| A
hydrostatic stress is one for which the diagonal terms of the stress tensor
are of equal value and the off-diagonal terms are zero. For this situation
the diagonal terms are equal to -p, where p is the hydrostatic pressure
acting on the body. Plastic deformation of materials does not occur under
the application of a pure hydrostatic stress.
A general stress tensor may be decomposed into a hydrostatic stress tensor (yellow) plus a deviatoric (or reduced) stress tensor (blue) as shown below. The full stress tensor (green) is the principal stress tensor (diagonal terms only). |
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| From:
Wyatt and Dew-Hughes,
"Metals, Ceramics and Polymers," Cambridge (1974) |
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