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Human Power and Propulsion

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The drive chain, shown in the diagram, differs from a conventional bicycle chain in having cables as the main tension members rather than segmented plates located by pins. It couples to the chain wheel and sprocket through moulded polymeric discs that are rigidly attached to the flexible drive cables covering made of the same polymer. The assembly is light in weight, lubricant free (as the polymer-metal contact has low friction) and durable. This chain type was used in the Gossamer series of human powered aircraft where weight is an important factor in performance, and chain life can be modest.

The sprocket and chain wheel used in the drivetrain of these aircraft were modified bicycle components, drilled to lighten their weight. This modifaction was practicable due to the lower constant forces the drive train experienced during flight as compared to those associated with a bicycle riding on a rough road surface. The gear ratio was fixed and selected so that the pilot's optimum pedaling rate of about 1.5 rps drove the propeller at 100 to 120 rpm.

From: Burke, "The Gossamer Condor and
Albatross: A Case Study in Aircraft Design," Aerovironment (1980),