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Flow
Visualization
Abstract
The flow of a transparent fluid around an object can
be studied by introducing a marker material into the flow. Suitable choices
are smoke in air, and a dye or small neutral buoyancy particles in water. If
the marker follows the main fluid, its trajectory permits the nature of the flow
around an object to be determined. Two general flow regimes are recognized,
laminar and turbulent, and may be distinguished by the flow patterns formed
by the marker trajectories. This study will use three flow visualization facilities,
a smoke tunnel, a water tunnel with fish scales acting as flow markers,
and a water channel with a filament of dye injected into the water. Each
facility has several models around which the flow patterns may be followed.
The effect of fluid velocity on the flow past these shapes will be examined
and the transition from laminar to turbulent flow studied. Features such as
flow separation and vortex generation will also be observed. |
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The diagrams
show the flow patterns expected for flow of velocity, V, over a cylinder
of diameter, D, at different Reynolds numbers, Re, where Re = rVD/m. (A) Re = 0.2, (B) Re = 12, (C) Re = 120, (D) Re = 30,000, (E)
Re = 500,000. |
