HCM p. 14 says: "A miagkii znak (prime) is placed
between two letters representing two distinct
consonants when the combination might otherwise
be read as a digraph." Thus, the
miagkii znak can appear only between "t" and "s" (tav-samekh with
no vowel between) to avoid confusion with "ts" (tsade),
between "s" and "h" (samekh-he with no vowel between)
to avoid confusion with "sh" (shin), and between "k" and "h"
(kaf-he with no vowel between; ) to avoid confusion with "kh" (khaf).
If "khaf" is followed by "he," there's
no problem that needs to be resolved with the use
of miagkii znak: the combination "khh" is
not ambiguous.
It can never occur between "t" and "h" (tav-he with no vowel between), since "th" is never read as a digraph (two letters representing a single sound) in Hebrew romanization.
Examples:
hithavutah (inferior dot under the "v")--no
miagkii znak
Hildes'haimer (miagkii znak between "s" and
"h")
Kalk'haim (miagkii znak between "kh" and "h")